Łukasz Ławicki, Artur Staszewski, Bartosz Racławski, Michał Barcz, Michał Jasiński, Zbigniew Kajzer, Paweł Stańczak, Sebastian Guentzel
Ornis Polonica 2020, 61: 14–31
https://doi.org/10.12657/ornis.2020.1.1
Abstract: In 2015, selected breeding bird species were surveyed in the SPA Goleniowska Forest (250 km2, 61% of area covered by forest) in the western part of Pomerania (NW Poland). The abundance was estimated for 54 species, of which a scarce (48%) and fairly numerous (37%) dominated. In total, 22 species listed in the EU Birds Directive Appendix 1 and 8 listed in the Polish Red Data Book of Animals were classified as breeders. The Goleniowska Forest is a significant breeding site in Poland (at least 0.5% of the national population) for 9 species of birds: Mute Swan Cygnus olor (33–39 pairs; 0.5%), Greylag Goose Anser anser (41–46 pairs; 0.6%), Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula (25–37 pairs; 0,8%), Gadwall Mareca strepera (28–42 pairs; 1%), Eurasian Teal Anas crecca (12–18 pairs; 1%), White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla (16 pairs; 1%), Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis (24–34 pairs; 0.7%), Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus (1 pair; 2.3%) and Bluethroat Luscinia svecica (38–44 pairs; 2.6%). A high number was also recorded for Corn Crake Crex crex (167–192 males; 0.4%), Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago (183–215 pairs; 0.3%) and Middle Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocoptes medius (75–89 pairs; 0.3%). The density of White-tailed Eagle in the Olszanka reserve (9 pairs per 13.5 km2) is one of the highest in the world. At Pomerania scale, the SPA Goleniowska Forest serve as a significant breeding area for Stock Dove Columba oenas (48–71 pairs), Common Crane Grus grus (88–105 pairs), Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus (54–74 pairs) and Red Kite Milvus milvus (6–7 pairs). The main threats to the most valuable species in the SPA have been recognized: the logging of old trees, melioration and an overhead power line in the Olszanka reserve; collisions with this line caused 24 deaths of White-tailed Eagles in 1992–2019.
Keywords: Goleniowska Forest, Important Bird Area, Natura 2000 network, Odra estuary, White-tailed Eagle
